If you’re a green card holder who’s met or will soon meet the requirements for U.S. citizenship, you might be wondering if becoming a U.S. citizen is the right choice. In short, if you plan to live permanently in the U.S., the answer is likely yes.
However, for some people, the decision is more complicated. Identity, family, or other practical reasons may come into play. This guide will help you understand the benefits and responsibilities of U.S. citizenship, as well as the reasons why some green card holders might decide against it.
Benefits of Becoming a U.S. Citizen
For most green card holders, U.S. citizenship is the next step, especially if they intend to live in the U.S. long-term. U.S. citizens enjoy several important benefits that are unavailable to green card holders.
Rights of U.S. Citizens After Naturalization:
Protection from Deportation
Once you become a U.S. citizen, you cannot be deported to your home country, even if you are charged with a crime in the future (though past criminal issues could impact your case). This makes your status much more secure than a green card holder’s.
Travel Freedom with a U.S. Passport
A U.S. passport opens up travel to over 180 countries without requiring a visa for short visits. It also lets you take trips as often as you like, and provides help from U.S. embassies when traveling abroad.
Access to Federal Benefits
U.S. citizens can apply for government benefits like federal college assistance, which is only available to U.S. citizens.
Sponsoring Family for Green Cards
As a U.S. citizen, you can sponsor your parents, adult children, and siblings for their own green cards, which can lead to a faster process than if you were a green card holder.
Automatic Citizenship for Your Children
Your children, even if born abroad, automatically become U.S. citizens as long as you report their birth to a U.S. embassy or consulate.
No More Immigration Paperwork
As a U.S. citizen, you won’t need to renew your green card, pay fees, or notify USCIS every time you move.
Access to Federal Jobs
Many federal jobs require U.S. citizenship. Federal jobs typically offer better benefits and pay than many private-sector positions.
Right to Vote
Only U.S. citizens can vote in federal elections. If you want a say in U.S. leadership, voting is an essential part of being a citizen.
Ability to Run for Office
U.S. citizenship is necessary to run for most elected offices, whether federal, state, or local.
Responsibilities of U.S. Citizens
While the benefits are numerous, there are some responsibilities and considerations that come with U.S. citizenship, which may affect some green card holders.
Potential Challenges of U.S. Citizenship:
Renouncing Foreign Citizenship
Some countries require you to give up your citizenship if you become a U.S. citizen. The U.S. allows dual citizenship, but countries like India, Japan, and a few others do not. If you want to keep your original nationality, be sure to check the laws of your home country.
U.S. Taxes for Life
U.S. citizens are required to file U.S. income tax returns, no matter where they live. Even if you live abroad, you’ll still need to report your income, though you may exclude a certain amount (currently over $100,000) from taxes.
Criminal Background Checks
USCIS will review your criminal history closely. If you’ve been involved in activities that could lead to deportation, such as immigration fraud or certain criminal offenses, you may want to seek legal advice before applying for citizenship.
Possible Military Service
While the U.S. no longer has a draft, U.S. citizens could still be called to serve in the military if the draft is reinstated. All men between the ages of 18 and 26 must register with the Selective Service System, even if they’re not U.S. citizens.
Jury Duty
As a U.S. citizen, you may be called to serve on a jury. Jury duty is mandatory in the U.S., though some groups (such as those over 70 or those who have recently served) can be excused.
Should You Apply for U.S. Citizenship?
Deciding whether or not to apply for U.S. citizenship depends on your unique situation. If you plan to live in the U.S. permanently, the benefits usually outweigh the responsibilities, but it’s important to consider all factors. U.S. citizenship gives you more rights, freedom, and access to opportunities than a green card. However, it may come with some challenges, like taxes and potential complications with dual citizenship.
If you need legal guidance or have questions about the application process, it’s a good idea to consult with a legal expert who can help you navigate the steps involved.
Remember, U.S. citizenship is a powerful and rewarding status, but it’s important to make sure it’s the right choice for you and your future.
